诉调对接模式的决策依据与相对选择

——基于本土司法数据及实务经验的原理总结与趋势前瞻[1]

卫跃宁  刘文斌

摘要：作为国家完善基层治理体系与治理能力的重大创新，“诉调对接”实践蔚然兴起。其模式具有多样化特征，如何选择适合地方实情并兼顾一定前瞻性的具体诉调对接模式，涉及决策的科学化议题。根据人民调解等组织与法院解纷途径的效能消长与互补关系差异，可以分为法院主导主干、法院辅助乃至一些调解组织业务主导模式。基于不同案件类型与解纷思路差异，又可以分为“庭院式”“院所式”“中间过渡式”等模式。基于经济地理差异，还可以描述为“发展中县域”“发达大都市”与“牧区”“高新区”等模式。基于人文地理差异，存在“政府-权力主导”“过渡转型”“法院-社会协同共治”三阶梯模式。立足全国发展历程的横纵向时空建模与人文经济地理综合比较视野，从横向层面看，不同模式基本对应从中西部乡镇村到东部长三角现代国际化大都市的人文经济地理分布格局，从纵向层面看，生动诠释了本地从前现代化到现代化过程中，诉调对接模式的可能演化路径与趋势。

关键词：国家治理；区域差异；矛盾纠纷；多元化解；诉调对接

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The decision basis and relative choice of the docking mode of litigation and mediation

——Principle summary and trend prospect based on local judicial data and practical experience

1. Wei Yuening,   2. Liu Wenbin

1. National judicial civilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of procedural law, China University of political science and law, Changping 102249, Beijing

2. Institute of law, Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan

Abstract: as a major innovation of the country to improve the grass-roots governance system and governance capacity, the practice of "docking litigation and Mediation" is emerging. The mode is characterized by diversity. How to choose a specific litigation mediation docking mode which is suitable for the local situation and takes into account a certain perspective involves scientific issues of decision-making. According to the differences of the relationship between people's mediation and other organizations and the court's ways of resolving disputes, it can be divided into the main body of court's leading, court's auxiliary and even some leading modes of mediation organization's business. Based on different types of cases and different ways of resolving disputes, it can be divided into "courtyard type", "courtyard type" and "intermediate transition type". Based on the differences of economic geography, it can also be described as "developing county", "developed metropolis" and "pastoral area", "high-tech zone" and other models. Based on the differences of human geography, there are three ladder models of "government power leading", "transitional transformation" and "court society co governance". Based on the horizontal and vertical time-space modeling of the national development process and the comprehensive comparative vision of human economy and geography, from the horizontal level, different models basically correspond to the distribution pattern of human economy and geography from the villages and towns in the central and western regions to the modern international metropolis in the eastern Yangtze River Delta. From the vertical level, it vividly explains the possible evolution of the docking mode of litigation and mediation in the process of local pre modernization to modernization Path and trend.

Key words: national governance; regional differences; conflicts and disputes; diversified solutions; litigation and mediation docking