个人信息保护中的“识别”要素研究[1]

程德理  赵丽丽

（同济大学  上海国际知识产权学院，上海，200092）

摘要：个人信息的界定中多将“识别”要素纳入个人信息的构成要件。作为个人信息的核心要素，“识别”的内涵界定决定了个人信息立法的保护范围与强度，进而涉及多方利益的平衡，需要根据经济社会发展状况科学界定与解释。正确理解“识别”这一要素将对我国正在进行的个人信息保护立法及司法产生较大影响。目前我国在个人信息“识别”要素的解释方面仍具有不同的观点。文章在研究欧盟《通用数据保护条例》个人数据内涵的基础上，结合我国经济发展的实际情况，提出了用狭义解释界定“识别”要素及采用“与特定人事实上相连接”限定识别范围的建议。

关键词：个人信息 识别 关联 保护范围 利益平衡

The Research on the Identification Element of the Concept of Personal Information

Abstract: In the definition of personal information, the "identification" element is often incorporated into the constituent elements of personal information. As the core element of personal information, the definition of the "identification" element determines the scope and intensity of the protection of the personal information protection law, and thus involves the balance of interests of multiple parties. It needs to be scientifically defined and interpreted according to the economic and social development status. At present, China still has different views on the interpretation of the "identification" element. China is at a critical period of personal information legislation. Based on the study of the content of personal data in the EU ’s General Data Protection Regulation and the actual situation of China ’s economic development, the article proposes such suggestions as narrowing definition of “identification” elements and using “specifically associated with a specific person” element to delimit the identification element.

Keywords: personal information, identification, association, protection scope, balance of interests