——刑法适用论的思考

苏永生，张冲

（河北大学 法学院/马克思主义学院，河北 保定 071000）

摘  要：“法德合治”原则强调法与德的“合治”。其中的“法”是指国家制定法，而“德”是指以道德为核心的非正式制度。就法律实施而言，“法德合治”原则要求坚持形式法治优先于实质法治的思考方式。将这一思考方式运用于刑法中，不但要求在定罪上坚持客观判断优先于主观判断、事实判断优先于价值判断以及一般判断优先于个别判断的思考方式，而且要求在量刑上坚持客观量刑情节优先于主观量刑情节、事实性量刑情节优先于规范性量刑情节以及影响责任刑的情节优先于影响预防刑的情节。

关键词：“法德合治”原则　刑法思考方式　定罪  量刑  司法判断

The Principle of “Rule by Law and Morality” and the Thinking Way of Criminal Law: within the Theory of Criminal Law’s Application

Su Yong-sheng, Zhangchong

((Law School/School of Marxism, Hebei University, Hebei Baoding 071000, Chian))

Abstract: The principle of “rule by law and morality” emphasizes the “co governance” of law and morality. Among them, “law” refers to the national statute law, while “morality” refers to the informal system with morality as the core. As far as the implementation of law is concerned, the principle of “rule by law and morality” requires maintaining the thinking mode of formal rule of law prior to substantive rule of law. Applying this thinking way to criminal law, not only requires objective judgment prior to subjective judgment, fact judgment prior to value judgment and general judgment prior to individual judgment in conviction, but also requires objective circumstance prior to subjective circumstance, factual circumstance prior to normative circumstance and the circumstance influencing responsibility penalty prior to the circumstance influencing preventive penalty in sentencing.

Key words: principle of “rule by law and morality”; thinking mode of criminal law; conviction; sentencing; judicial judgement