传染病防治失职罪的适用困境与刑法应对

冯　军

（河北医科大学，河北 石家庄 050000）

【摘要】 正在经历的新冠肺炎疫情使我们更加深刻地认识到传染病防治渎职行为的严重危害。但是，刑法第409条对传染病防治失职罪的立法规定，明显存在主体范围狭窄、行为方式单一、入罪门槛过高、刑罚配置失衡等问题。为了提高传染病防治渎职犯罪的治理效能，应当及时采取扩大主体范围、增列行为方式、降低入罪门槛、科学配置刑罚等措施，提高刑法第409条罪刑规范在传染病防治渎职犯罪治理中的能力和水平。

【关键词】新冠肺炎  传染病防治  渎职犯罪  适用困境  刑法应对

Dilemma and Countermeasures in the Application of the Crime of Dereliction of Duty in the Prevention and Controlling of Infectious Diseases

FENG Jun

（Hebei Medical University，Shijiangzhuang 050000  China）

Abstract:The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia has made us more deeply aware of the serious harm caused by malfeasance in the prevention and controlling of infectious diseases. However, the legislative provisions of article 409 of the criminal law on the crime of dereliction of duty in the prevention and controlling of infectious diseases clearly have such problems as narrow scope of subjects, single mode of behavior, high threshold for entry into crime and unbalanced allocation of penalty. In order to improve the effectiveness of the prevention and controlling of dereliction of duty by infectious diseases, measures should be taken to expand the scope of the subject, to add more types of behavior, to lower the threshold for entry into the crime, and to allocate the penalty scientifically, so as to improve the ability and level of the standardization of crime and punishment in Article 409 of the criminal law in the prevention and controlling of the malfeasance crime of infectious disease prevention.

Key words: outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia; prevention and controlling of the infectious disease; malfeasance crime; dilemma in application ; Countermeasures of the criminal law