惟适是求”：清末民初内阁法制院研究
熊元彬
（湘潭大学 哲学与历史文化学院，湖南 湘潭 411105）
摘要：清末官制改革不仅以日本二元君主立宪制为模板，而且也含有清廷为首的“宪制本土化”暂时战胜立宪派为首的“中国宪制化”之特征。作为清末预备立宪改革时专门拟定宪制有关各项条款、法律、法规的法定机构，内阁法制院是在预备立宪年限被递减，各项预备立宪章程、条款等又急需被加速拟定的合力作用下，清廷为继续与日本宪制保持一致，从而结合古今中外之政制，不断磨合的近代化法制机构。虽然其设置及其运行都存在着较大的问题，但是不仅在人选方面“自须择用专门法政人才”，而且在其短暂的运行时期内也都还是有所成效，为中国进一步法制化及其法政人才的培养奠定了一定的基础，被民国继承和发展，而并非时人及学界所谓的与宪政编查馆无异。
关键字：清末；民初；责任内阁；法制院；惟适是求
"Only seeking to be suitable for the actual situation": Research on the cabinet legal system in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China
Xiong Yuanbin
(Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105)
Abstract: The reform of the official system in the late Qing Dynasty not only used the Japanese co nstitutional monarchy as a template, but also contained the "constitutionalization of the constitutionalization" headed by the Qing court and temporarily defeated the "constitutionalization of China" headed by the constitutionalists. As a statutory body specializing in the formulation of constitutional provisions, laws and regulations in the preparation for constitutional reform in the late Qing Dynasty, the cabinet legal system was deferred in preparation for the constitutional years, and various preparatory constitutional procedures and articles were urgently needed to be accelerated. In order to continue to be consistent with the Japanese constitutional system, the Qing court combines the political system of ancient and modern China and foreign countries and constantly modernizes the legal system. Although there are major problems in its setup and its operation, it is not only in the selection of candidates, but also in the short-term operation period, and it has been effective for China’s further legalization. The cultivation of legal and political talents has laid a certain foundation and has been inherited and developed by the Republic of China. It is not the same as the so-called constitutional investigation hall.
Keywords: Qing Dynasty; early Republic of China; responsible cabinet; legal system;
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