违法解雇期间劳动者所得之性质与范围

--兼论民法典相关制度之构建

喻术红、程凌

（武汉大学 法学院，湖北 武汉 430072）

摘  要：关于违法解雇期间劳动者所得问题，当前我国立法与司法实践不尽一致。在解雇违法且劳动合同继续履行的案件中，确定违法解雇期间劳动者所得的法理基础包括债务不履行理论与对待给付风险转移理论。从保护路径的理论正当性及保护劳动者的法律效果角度出发，违法解雇期间劳动者所得的确定应适用对待给付风险转移理论，因此该所得性质为工资。对于该工资的范围，首先应从保障性、对价性及经常支付性三个方面确定工资基数，然后扣除中间收入。为体系化构建劳动者违法解雇期间工资保障制度，在当前民法典编纂背景下，须从民法典合同编总则、分则以及《劳动合同法》三个方面建立对待给付风险转移的相关规则，为司法实践提供指引。

关键词：违法解雇；工资；受领迟延；对待给付风险

The Nature and Scope of Employee’s Remuneration during the Period of Illegal Dismissal

—    On the Construction of the Relevant System of the Civil Code

YU Shu-hong, CHENG Ling,

( School of Law，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430072 China)

    Abstract: For the issue of employee’s remuneration during the period of illegal dismissal，there are inconsistent treatment ways in legislation and judicial practice. In the cases where the dismissal is illegal and the employment contract continues to be performed, the legal theoretical basis for employee to enjoy remuneration during the period of illegal dismissal includes theories on non-performance of obligation and the burden of gegenleistungsgefahr. Based on theoretical legitimacy of the protection path and legal effect of protecting employee, it should apply theory on the burden of gegenleistungsgefahr in the determination of the employee’s remuneration during the period of illegal dismissal. Therefore, the nature of the remuneration is wage. For the calculation of the wage, firstly, wage base should be determined according to security, consideration and payment-regularity. And then the intermediate income should be deducted. For the systematical construction of the wage security system for employees during the period of illegal dismissal, relevant rules for the burden of gegenleistungsgefahr should be established in the general and specific provisions of Civil Code’s Contract Chapter and Employment Contract Law to guide judicial practice.

Key words: illegal dismissal; wage; default in acceptance; the burden of gegenleistungsgefahr