论损害赔偿额之酌定时的举证责任减轻

                              刘学在，阮崇翔*

   （武汉大学 法学院 ，武汉 430072）

摘要：近年来，我国立法部门根据司法实践中的需求，在部分民事实体法及相关司法解释中设立了符合本法特性的损害赔偿酌定制度，但对其性质的争议尚未有定论。从举证责任减轻的角度来评价损害赔偿额之酌定更符合其制度之设立目的，举证责任减轻本身突破了传统举证责任分配的束缚，针对于传统举证责任分配的缺陷进行了完善与补足，形成了传统举证责任为原则、举证责任减轻为例外的二元制举证规范。将损害赔偿额酌定制度带入举证责任减轻理论范畴内探讨，有利于在《民事诉讼法》中建立符合我国民事诉讼司法实践的损害赔偿制度。

关键词：损害；损害赔偿额之酌定；证明困难；举证责任分配；举证责任减轻

中图分类号: DF72    文献标识码: A      文章编号:

On The Theory of Reducing the Proof Responsibility When Finding the Assessment of Amount of Damages

LIU Xue-zai, RUAN Chong-xiang

（School of Law,Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China）

Abstract: In recent years, China's legislative departments in accordance with the needs of judicial practice, in some civil substantive law and related judicial interpretation in line with the characteristics of this law of the discretionary system of damages, but the nature of the dispute has not been determined. From the point of view of reducing the burden of proof to evaluate the discretion of damages is more in line with the purpose of the establishment of its system, the reduction of the burden of proof itself breaks through the constraints of the traditional distribution of burden of proof, in view of the traditional burden of proof distribution of the defects of the perfect and complementary, formed the traditional burden of proof as the principle, It is helpful to establish the system of damages in the Civil Procedure Law of our country in accordance with the theory of the reduction of burden of proof by bringing the discretionary system of damages into the scope of the theoretical responsibility mitigation.

Key Words: damages;discretion of damages;proof of difficulty; allocation of burden of proof; reduction of burden of proof

基金项目：2017年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目《民法典制定背景下程序法与实体法融合机制研究》（17YJA820017）阶段性成果；国家2011计划司法文明协同创新中心（教技函[2013]26号）阶段性成果。